Air conditioning system



Oct. 28,1947. c. M. HAMBLIN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 21, 1943 CL YDE M. HflMBL/M INVENTOR BY mg ATTORNEY l a modified Patented Oct. 28,1947

. 2,429,619 7 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Clyde M.

application January 21,

Hamblin, Washing on, D. C.

1943, Serial No.

473,052. Divided and this application February 6, 1947, Serial No.

12 Claims.

(Grantedsunder the amended April 30,

This is a division of my copending application Serial No. 473,052, filed January 21, 1943.

This invention relates to fan-operated heating and cooling systems. In conve tional fan-operated heating and cooling systems the temperature of the air delivered is often controlled, or partially controlled, by providing means for bypassing part of the air used around the heating or cooling coils. In such systems part of the air is usually fresh air drawn from the outside, and part is drawn from the spaces served, and recirculated through the heating or cooling system.

In the known conventional types of heating and cooling systems described above, all of the air, both fresh and recirculated, which passes through the heatingor cooling coils and through the by-pass also passes through the fan. As the by-passed around the heating or cooling coils, or that which is recirculated or is drawn from the outside air, is usually a, considerable portion of the'total capacity of the system, these conventional types orarrangements involve the use of fans of unnecessarily large size or capacity.

It is an object of my invention to provide means whereby air can be by-passed around the heating or cooling coils, or may be drawn from the outside, or from the spaces-served, without such air passing through the fans, thus permitting a considerable reduction in the size or capacity and weight of the fan used. This is particularly important on shipboard and similar places where the. utmost saving in space and weight is necessary. v It is a further object of my invention to provide means for limiting and regulating the difference between the temperature of the air leaving the heating or cooling coils and the temperature of the space or room served.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of the present specification:

Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic view in elevation of a fan-operated heating or cooling system with the heating or cooling coils located on the intake side of the fan.

Fig. 2 shows a diagrammatic view in elevation of a fan-operated heating or cooling system with the heating or cooling coils located on the discharge side of the fan.

Fig, 3 is a diagrammatic view in elevation oi form of the present invention somewhat similar to Fig. 2, but which is distinguishable therefrom.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view in elevation-of a modified form of the present invention somewhat similar to Fig. 1.

Referring more in deta'l to the drawings and more particularly to Fig. 1; there is shown at H) a ventilating fan driven by'a motor ,II or other (Cl. im -38) act of March .3, 1883, a

' fan intake duct system l3 may draw air duce a flow of air from source of power and heating or cooling coils I! mounted in a duct system of air conditioning 13 connected to the intake side of the fan Ill. A duct I4 is connected to the discharge side of the fan Ill and delivers the heatedor cooled air to outlets 15 in the space or room to be heated or cooled. The outletsare served by one Or more distribution ducts l6, Hi. The intake end of the from the outside atmosphere, from the spaces served such as rooms or the like, or from both. A by-pass I1 is provided which passes around coils I2 from the intake duct 21 to an opening l8 in the discharge duct M. A hinged damper or baiiie plate I9 is provided at the opening l8 and is so de-. signed and arranged that as the damper is moved to admit air from by-pass I! through the opening l8, duct I4 is simultaneously or-independently restricted by the damper, thereby causing an increase in air velocity in the duct l4 and a consequent change in static pressure, and velocity pressure relations, in duct 14 which will inthe by-pass ll through the opening 18.

An. operating handle 20 is provided on the damper hinge shaft 2! for adjusting the damper opening l8-as necessary to obtain the proper relation or proportion oi air flow through the heating or cooling coils l2 and the by-pass I! for any required air temperature desired.

An additional or alternate arrangement to bypass 11 and damper 19 may be provided, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, consisting of a damper 23 which controls a supply of induced air through the opening from any desired source.

Similar adjustable throttling dampers 25 are arranged to induce air flow through openings 26 .in ducts l6, 16 preferably within the spaces or rooms served, to which air is or control the difierence ture of I and the temperature of the space or room to which the air is finally delivered. -This is pardelivered, to limit between the temperaticularly important in cooling and air conditionsource of power used ing systems in order to. avoid the sensation of 'cold drafts.

Any one opening with damper or'any combination of openings with dampers described may be used in a system as best suits the conditions to be met.

Referring now in detail to the arrangement of parts shown in Fig. 2;

The arrangement of the various parts shown in the arrangement of Fig. 2 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that the heating or cooling coils shown in Fig. 2, are on the discharge side instead of on the intake side of the fan 30. In,said Fig. 2 the numeral 3| indicates the motor or other to drive the fan 30. ,The numeral 32 indicates the by-pass from duct 33 to the air delivered from the outlets l5, l5

duct 34. Said duct 32 is similar to duct 1 of Fig. 1 and is provided with a damper hingedly mounted at 36 preferably in the duct 34, and provided with an operating handle 31, as shown. It is readilyseen as in the case of Fig. 1, opening 36 and duct 34 are readily adjusted to permit or induce the air in by-pass 32 into the duct 34 as desired. Numeral 39 indicates the cooling or heating coils used on the discharge side of the fan 36 and which is connected by duct46 with said fan, as shown. In the duct 40 are mounted two dampers 4|, 42 hingedly mounted at 43, 44 in the duct 46. It is seen that inlets 45, 46 admit air to the cooling or heating coils 39 in desired quantities from any desired source. The duct 34 may be provided with any plurality of ducts 41, 41 for the purpose of distributing the air from duct 34 into any served space by means of outlets 48, 48 etc. At 49 is shown aduct having a :damper 50 hinged at 5| having a handle 52 which is alternative or added structure to be used with or without the by-pass 32. The air admitted through damper 56 may be from any desired source. Other dampers 53, 53 may be used to control the flow of air to the outlets 48, 48.

It will be noted that the by-pass ducts l1 and 32 in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, lead air from inlet ducts 21 and 33 respectively to ducts l4 and 34 respectively, and the air so obtained is taken from the intake ducts prior to passing air through the heating or cooling coils i2 or 39 respectively. It will also be noted in Fig. 1 that a by-pass 54 leads from the portion 55 of the intake duct 21 and conveys air to the duct 4 through the opening 56, which is controlled by damper 51, which is hingedly mounted at 58 in the duct l4. The air in duct 54 is taken from the intake duct 21 after said air is passed through the heating or cooling coils |2.

In Fig. 1 it is evident that air may be supplied to the duct l4 from the duct 21 either before or after the air therein passes through the heating or cooling coils l2, which provides a means of control 'for the amount and temperature of the induced air required in duct I4, as is found to be most useful in the delivery of air through the outlets l5, l5 etc.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings:

The purpose of the arrangements shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is to permit larger quantities of air to pass through the heaters than through the fans.

Such arrangements may be of advantage where less fresh air is'required for ventilation than the total air circulation necessary for heating, as shown in Fig. 3. Also in the case of Fig. 4, a sysheated air at low pressure.

In both of the arrangements shown in Figs. 3 and 4, fans may be used to handle less air than is passed through the heaters, but at relatively higher pressure. It will be noted that all air from the intake duct passes through the heating or cooling coils prior to its final delivery at 91 in the delivery duct 59 of Fig. 3 and 13 of Fig. 4. It will be 6 4 external source into the duct 59 for -control of the air which passes through coils 62.

With reference to Fig. 4- of the drawings, 69 indicates the heating or cooling coils, duct 16, the duct leading therefrom. conveys air to the fan 1| which is operated by the motor 12 and the propelied air eventually reaches duct 13. A by-pass 14 leads from duct 16 to delivery duct 13, as shown. and a damper 15 hinged at 16 with a handle 11 permits the flow of air from intake duct 16 into duct 13.

In the arrangements shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the'drawings, it will be noted that all the air decorresponding to 6 and 46 of Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, passes through the heating or cooling coils of the system since the last-named two systems of Figs. 3'and 4 permit larger quantities of air to pass through the heater and cooling coils than are passed through the fans.

I In Fig. 3, the heating or cooling coils are located on the discharge side of the fan 6| and it will be noted the adjustable dampers 64, are so arranged that when opened they increase the velocity of air in the duct 59 and induce an inflow of air through the openings controlled by said dampers. The said openings and dampers just named, function in similar manner to othersimilar induced air openings and dampers in the present air systems.

In Fig. 4, the heating or cooling coil 69 is located n the intake side of the fan 1| and it is necessary to by-pass the fan using the duct 14 in order that more air may pass through the coil 69 than is passed through the fan 1| In this case the induced air control opening is shown at 18 adjacent to bafile-plate or damper 15.

Attention is called to the fact that while the description and claims herein describe the means for tempering the air, i. e., a heating means, and the external air largely assumed as being of a lower temperature than the normal air stream within the air conditioning system, it will be at once apparent that the so called heating means (such as |2 Fig. 1, 39 Fig. 2, 62 Fig. 3, 69 Fig. 4) may be representative of cooling coils or'means and the external induced air may be considered of an equal or hig er temperature than the normal air stream within the air conditioning ducts of the system. In such-cases as those just explained it will be evident the efiect of the introduction of external air on the normal air stream Within the system will have a reverse efiect than when the coils l2, Fig. 1, etc., are heating coils, and the external air used is of lower tempercoils, air washers,.humidifiers, or de-humidifiers,

or any combination of these devices.

' Attention is also directed to the purpose of the use of the multiple air inlets and dampers, instead of merely single ones, as shown by parts 45, 46, 4 I, 42 in Fig. 2, and in similar instances in the drawings, which is to distribute as uniformly as posing means and has been raised thereto, adapted to adjustably culating fan and means for //discharge trolling the temperature of into the normal airflow within the air conditioning system.

The invention described herein may be manuiactured and used by orior the Government of the UnitedStates of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

I claim:

1. In an air heating and cooling system, a circulating tan and means for operating same, an air duct connected with the fan on the intake side thereof, means in the intake duct air passing to the fan, a discharge duct connected with the fan, a Dy-Pas duct connected with the air intake duct, whereby the said by-pass duct may remove air from the latter duct prior to admission or air to the heating means and the circulating fan, and deliver discharge duct without being heated, or propelled by the fan, means in the discharge duct adjacent to the by-pass inlet thereto, adapted to adiustably control the flow or induced air from the by-paSS '4 duct, whereby the proportion between the propelled and induced air in the discharge duct may be varied, for the triple purpose of controlling the temperature oi the air delivered by the system', varying the total heat output 01 said system, and controlling the velocity or flow of the finally delivered air stream.

2. In a system as described in claim 1, in combination with a by-pass duct connected with the air intake duct, adapted to the said duct after it has,pas ed through the heatin temperature to any desired degree, and prior to admission or air to the circulating ran, and deliver the by-passed air to the discharge duct without being propelled by the fan, means in the discharge duct adjacent to the inlet of the second-described by-pass duct control the flow of air from. said for the purpose or I the intake duct directly to the discharge duct, and to vary the proportion between the fan-propelled air, induced air from the first-named vby-pass duct, and the heated induced air from the secondnamed by-pass duct, {or the purpose of further temperature, velocity or flow, and heat output control or the air delivered by the system, and for reducing the proportionate amount of air required to be propelled by the circulating fan.

3. In an air' heating and cooling system, a ciroperat'ing same, an connected with the fan, a dis-. charge air duct connected with the fan, means connected with the discharge duct for heating the air in the latter, a by-pass duct connected last-named by-pass duct,

air intake duct with the intake duct for removing air from the 60 latter prior to admission or the intake air to the Ian, adapted to deliver saidby-passed air to the discharge duct after the Ian-propelled air has passed through the heating means, and adjustable means mounted in the discharge duct adja-- cent to the bypass inlet thereto, adapted to con-- ti'ol the flow of induced by-passed air into the duct, whereby the proportion between the propelled and heated air, and induced bypassed air may be varied for the purpose or conthe air deliveredby the velocity or flow in the disthe system, varying heating outcharge duct, and varying the total put of said system.

4. In a system as bination with adjustable induced described in claim air control means mounted for heating the the removed air to the adiustably supply heated air from inlet opening inlet 01. the

induced air inlet in the discharge duct between the circulating fan and the heating mearis, for mixing external air with the fan-propelled air in the said discharge 'duct prior to its passing through the heating means.

scribed in claim 1, an adjustable means for adduct after the flow of mixed air has passed the inlet of the by-passed induced air, and a plurality of delivery ducts each connected with'the discharge duct or the system.

' 6. In an air heating and cooling system as described in claim 3,'an adjustable means for admitting induced external air into the discharge duct after the flow elf-mixed air has passed the by-passed induced air, and a plurality of delivery ducts each connected with the discharge duct of the system.

'7. In an air conditioning system having an in- I let duct, means for circulating air, means for conditioning air, distribution ducts for conveying the conditioned air and outlets for distributing the air, at least one of said distribution ducts having at least one lateral opening thereinior admitting unconditioned air, and air inducing means comprising an adjustable damper pivotally mounted adjacent the upstream edge of said lateral opening in said distribution duct and adapted to swing inwardly or said duct into open position with respect to said opening to induce a flow of air inwardly through said opening by the action on said damper orthe flow of conditioned air in said duct, whereby the temperature of the conditioned air and the heat output of the system are adjustably controlled.

8. In an air opening air from a location remote from that in which the opening and 9. In an air conditioning system as described in claim '7, having the air conditioning means in said inlet duct on the inlet side of the air circulating means, a by-pass duct one end oi which is connected to a lateral induced air inlet opening with damper in said distribution'duct and the other end to the said inlet duct on the inlet side of the air con tioning means.

10. In an-air conditioning system as described in clainifl, having the air conditioning means in said inlet duct on the inlet culating means, a by-pass duct one end or which is connected to a lateral induced air inlet opening with damper charge side of the air circulating means and the other end to the said inlet duct between the air circulating means and the air conditioning means.

11. In an air conditioning system as described in claim '7, having the air conditioning means in thesaid distribution duct on the discharge side of the air circulating means, a lateral induced 'air with damper in the duct between the air conditioning means and the air circulatins means.

12. In an air conditioning system as described in claim 1,. having the air conditioning means in the said distribution duct on the discharge side 3, in com- I air inlet opening with damper duct on the discharge the other end to the said inlet duct is connected to a lateral induced in said distribution side of the air conditionend; or which ing means and on the inlet side or the air circulating means.

CLYDE M. LIN

in said distribution duct on the dis- 

